Giardiasis: What It Is, Symptoms, and Treatment

What is Giardiasis?

Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the microscopic parasite Giardia duodenalis. It is a common cause of diarrhea worldwide, particularly in developing countries and areas with poor sanitation.

Symptoms of Giardiasis

The most common symptom of giardiasis is watery diarrhea. Other symptoms include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain and cramps
• Bloating
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Headache

How is Giardiasis Spread?

Giardiasis is spread through contact with contaminated food, water, or surfaces. The parasite can be found in the feces of infected people or animals, and it can survive for weeks in water or on surfaces. You can get giardiasis by:

• Drinking contaminated water
• Eating contaminated food
• Touching your mouth after touching something contaminated
• Swallowing water while swimming in a contaminated pool or lake

Who is at Risk for Giardiasis?

Anyone can get giardiasis, but it is more common in people who:

• Travel to developing countries
• Live in areas with poor sanitation
• Have a weakened immune system
• Attend daycare or work in a healthcare setting

Treatment for Giardiasis

Giardiasis is treated with medication, usually a course of antibiotics called metronidazole. Symptoms usually improve within a few days of starting treatment. In some cases, people may need to take a second course of antibiotics.

Preventing Giardiasis

There are several things you can do to prevent giardiasis:

• Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the bathroom, changing a diaper, or handling food.
• Drink only treated water, such as bottled water or water that has been boiled.
• Avoid eating raw or undercooked meat, fish, or shellfish.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating them.
• Avoid swimming in contaminated water.

Conclusion

Giardiasis is a common intestinal infection that can be spread through contact with contaminated food, water, or surfaces. Symptoms of giardiasis include watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cramps. Treatment for giardiasis typically involves a course of antibiotics. There are several things you can do to prevent giardiasis, such as washing your hands thoroughly, drinking only treated water, and avoiding contaminated food and water.